Corghi ARTIGLIO UNIFORMITY Manuel D'utilisation page 173

5 - Belt. This is a non-flexible circumferential structure
comprising cross-plies at very low angles, positioned
below the tread, to stabilise the casing in the footprint
area.
6 - Centring band. This is a small marking which indicates
the circumference of the top part of the bead and is
used as a reference to check exact tyre centring on the
rim after mounting.
7 - Protective band. This is a circumferential marking in
the area of the sidewall which is more exposed to ac-
cidental rubbing.
8 - Sidewall. This is the area between the shoulder and
the centring band. It consists of a more or less thin
layer of rubber, which protects the casing plies from
lateral impact.
9 - Liner. This is a vulcanised, compound sheet, imper-
meable to air, inside tubeless tyres.
10 - Filling. This is a generally triangular rubber profile,
above the side ring; it provides rigidity for the bead and
gradually offsets the abrupt uneven thickness caused
by the side ring.
11 - Flap. This is the part of the casing ply around the
side ring and placed against the casing, to secure the
ply and prevent it from slipping.
12 - Foot. This is the innermost layer of the tread in contact
with the belt, or if the latter is not present (conventional
tyres) with the last casing ply.
13 - Shoulder. This is the outer part of the tread, between
the corner and start of the sidewall.
14 - Bead. This is the part that joins the tyre to the rim.
The bead point (a) is the inner corner. The spur (b) is
the inner part of the bead. The base (c) is the area rest-
ing against the rim. The groove (d) is the concave part
against which the rim shoulder rests.
Tube type tyres. As a tyre has to contain pressurised air
for a long period of time, an air chamber is used. The
valve for adding air and maintaining, controlling and
restoring air pressure is part of the chamber in this case.
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