Caution: Always review hospital or unit protocol, potential complications
and their treatment, warnings, and precautions prior to undertaking
any type of mechanical or chemical intervention in response to catheter
performance problems.
Warning: Only a physician familiar with the appropriate techniques
should attempt the following procedures.
INSUFFICIENT FLOWS:
The following may cause insufficient blood flows:
Occluded arterial holes due to clotting or fibrin sheath.
•
Occlusion of the arterial side holes due to contact with vein wall.
•
Solutions include:
Chemical intervention utilizing a thrombolytic agent.
•
MANAGEMENT OF ONE-WAY OBSTRUCTIONS:
One-way obstructions exist when a lumen can be flushed easily but
blood cannot be aspirated. This is usually caused by tip malposition.
One of the following adjustments may resolve the obstruction:
Reposition catheter.
•
Reposition patient.
•
Have patient cough.
•
Provided there is no resistance, flush the catheter vigorously with
•
sterile normal saline to try to move the tip away from the vessel wall.
INFECTION:
Caution: Due to the risk of exposure to HIV (Human Immunodeficiency
Virus) or other blood borne pathogens, health care professionals should
always use Universal Blood and Body Fluid Precautions in the care of all
patients.
Sterile technique should always be strictly adhered to.
•
Clinically recognized infection at a catheter exit site should be
•
treated promptly with the appropriate antibiotic therapy.
If a fever occurs in a patient with a catheter in place, take a
•
minimum of two blood cultures from a site distant from catheter
exit site. If blood culture is positive, the catheter must be removed
immediately and the appropriate antibiotic therapy initiated. Wait
48 hours before catheter replacement. Insertion should be made on
opposite side of original catheter exit site, if possible.
Warning: Only a physician familiar with the appropriate techniques
should attempt the following procedures.
Caution: Always review hospital or unit protocol, potential
complications and their treatment, warnings, and precautions prior to
catheter removal.
1.
Palpate the catheter exit tunnel to locate the cuff.
2.
Administer sufficient local anesthetic to exit site and cuff location to
completely anesthetize the area.
3.
Cut sutures from suture wing. Follow hospital protocol for removal
of skin sutures.
4.
Make a 2 cm incision over the cuff, parallel to the catheter.
5.
Dissect down to the cuff using blunt and sharp dissection as
indicated.
6.
When visible, grasp cuff with clamp.
CATHETER PERFORMANCE
CATHETER REMOVAL
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