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13. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN TO REDUCE RESIDUAL RISKS
§
Danger and cause
Projection of parts
Explosion due to an increase in the
1
operating pressure beyond the set
design limit caused by a malfunction of
the system of the end user
Projection of parts
Explosion due to an increase in the
2
operating pressure beyond the set limit
caused by an increase in temperature
above the permitted limit
Projection of parts
Explosion due to structural collapse
determined by a variation of the
3
specific resistance of the materials
following an increase or a decrease of
the temperature (also localized)
beyond set limits
Projection of parts
Explosion due to structural collapse
determined by a variation in the
specific resistance of the materials
4
resulting from welding or heat
treatments or mechanical stress
generally carried out on the equipment
not by the manufacturer, but by the
end user without prior authorization.
Breaking with content leaks
5
Improper installation
Breaking with content leaks
6
Presence of corrosive agents in the
fluid
Breaking with content leaks
7
No/inadequate ordinary maintenance
of the equipment
Crushing
8
Handling of the equipment
Fluid spray
9a
Opening of the pressurized equipment
Fluid spray
Product leak from flanged joints
9b
Poor execution of connection by the
end user
Burns
10a
Accidental contact with the refrigerant
in liquid phase
Burns
Accidental contact with the surface of
10b
the equipment due to no or inadequate
insulation
R
Consequences
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
8
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
4
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
4
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
4
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Deformation of the
1
equipment and yielding
of supports
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
1
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Failure of the vessel
and/or its components.
Outflow of fluid
1
content. Possible
damage to things and
people
Deformation of the
2
equipment and yielding
of supports
Possible damage to
4
things and people
Possible damage to
things and people
Possible damage to
2
things and people
Possible damage to
2
things and people
GB
- 34
Measures to be taken
Adopt appropriate safety
instruments to ensure
compliance with the design
pressure.
Adopt appropriate safety
instruments to ensure
compliance with the design
temperature.
The system must be equipped
with suitable controls to
prevent that the maximum
and minimum design
temperatures are exceeded
No machining and/or heat
treatment must be carried out
on the equipment. No
welding must be carried out
on the equipment. Any
accidental impacts damage
the equipment
Make sure that the choice and
installation are appropriate.
The fluids contained in the
equipment are not corrosive
by nature. For any changes of
the fluids, the end user MUST
first contact the Technical
Office of company for a
compatibility check
Carry out regular
maintenance required for the
equipment
Use suitable means
guaranteeing the integrity of
the product and safety of
people
Before opening the
equipment, make sure that all
fluids have been emptied and
collected and that the internal
pressure does not exceed
atmospheric pressure
Periodic maintenance of
connections
Avoid direct contact with the
refrigerant without using
suitable protection
equipment
If applicable, the end user
must insulate the hottest
surfaces of the equipment
Warnings for use.
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the design data
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Follow the instructions
provided in the User and
Maintenance Manual
Have qualified personnel
carry out the fluid filling
and emptying operations
according to mandatory
regulations
Have qualified personnel
carry out the fluid filling
and emptying operations
according to mandatory
regulations
Have qualified personnel
carry out the fluid filling
and emptying operations
according to mandatory
regulations
By the end user
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