Specific Instructions Tig Wire Welding; Specific Instructions Mig/Mag Wire Welding - STAYER WELDING M40.18Multi Instructions D'emploi

An electrode we recommend due to its medium quality, suitability
for most works and for being easy to find, is electrode E-6013,
popularly known as the "rutile electrode". The material par
excellence for welding with shielded electrode is carbon steel.
After having confirmed all safety measures and inspected the
equipment, prepared and fastened the piece to be welded,
cables are connected according to the indications in the tables.
For the usual case of an E-6013 electrode, the output of negative
polarity (marked -) shall be connected to the piece by means of
the grounding clamp. The output of positive polarity (marked +)
shall be connected to the electrode carrier clamp the working
electrode is connected to the bare end thereof.
The welder will put on his/her individual protective equipment
using a welding mask or helmet that is suitable for the work, and
suitably covering any portion of his/her skin to avoid splashed
or radiation.
Welding shall be started by priming the arch. There are several
proceedings, the simplest of which is scratching the piece.
Once the arc has commenced, the electrode shall be kept at a
distance approximately equal to the diameter of the electrode as
such, and advancing of the weld shall be commenced by drawing
backwards as if a right-handed occidental person started writing,
The electrode shall be held in a position close (65o to 80o) to
the vertical with respect to the horizontal and balanced with
respect to weld puddle center. Depending on the kind of weld
pass (initial or filling) and the need of covering the joint, advance
in a straight line, zigzag movement or little circles. Good setting
of intensity, position and advance speed of the weld will result
in a pleasant, gentle sound, similar to that of a good barbecue
roast. When performing an accurate work, the resulting bead will
be homogeneous, with uniform surface marks shaped as half
moons.
Once the bead has been made, remove slag with a hammer and
brush before making the subsequent bead.

4.5.2 Specific instructions TIG wire welding

In electric arc welding by means of a inert-gas-protected tungsten
electrode, the consumable material is not the electrode itself but
a material filler rod similar to, or compatible with the material
to be welded. Compared with the shielded electrode system,
this system has greater productivity and greater difficulty in
exchange for very high weld quality on almost any metal and
alloys thereof, including all stainless steels and situations of
joints of low thickness with or without filler material. Welding
takes place without slag, projections or smoke.
In order to correctly position the electrode in the torch, it must
protrude about 5 mm above the nozzle.
As a general rule, connect the output inversely than the usual
connection of the electrode i.e. the TIG torch to the equipment's
negative terminal and the grounding clamp to the positive
terminal. Prepare and secure the piece. Adjust current intensity
in accordance with the needs of the kind of material and the
joint to be made, making first a test on a test piece. Refer to
specialized literature or regulated professional training for further
information in respect hereof.
The torch shall receive inert gas supply (usually pure argon)
proceeding from a cylinder, through a pressure reducing system
capable of suitably regulating eh necessary gas flow volume. All
equipments need a TIG torch (not included, STAYER references
38.71 and 38.73) with direct connection to the flow meter and
gas control by the flow valve in the TIG torch itself.
ENGLISH
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Once the arc has started, proceed to carry out welding
according to the needs thereof. As a general orientation, you
have to advance reversely to electrode welding so that, instead
of drawing backwards, you apply pushing frontwards as if you
were helping the gas flow impinge on the weld puddle. Incline
the torch in such a way, that it impinges in a position near (70o
to 80o) to the vertical with respect to the centered horizontal and
with respect to the weld puddle.
Slowly deposit the filler material of the rod bringing it closer
successively to the puddle of melt material.
To finish, simply stop pushing the switch of the torch, separate
the torch very slightly until the torch becomes interrupted and
close the manual gas valve. Finally, close the general flow valve
of the inert gas cylinder.

4.5.3 Specific instructions MIG/MAG wire welding

The welding torch must maintain a correct position to allow the
gas to conveniently shield the melting bed. Hold the torch with
both hands and ensure having a fixed support point for more
stability of the bead.
An inclination with respect to the vertical of 10o is recommended.
The free length of the wire shall be comprised between 8 and 20
mm, so that the melting bed may be observed and adherence of
projection to the gas nozzle may be avoided. Avoid working in air
currents that snatch technical gas from the welt bead.
Possible problems and solutions MIG/MAG welding
WELD BEAD NARROW AND WITH INTERRUPTIONS
a) Wire advance speed excessive.
b) Little gas discharge (start with 5-7 l/min and, if necessary,
open the tap of the pressure gauge more.
WELD BEAD VERY HIGH
A) Wire advance speed very low.
b) Low welding current.
UNSTABLE ARC, POROSITY OF THE WELD
a) Torch very distant from the piece.
b) Piece with grease, oil, dirty, rust.
c) Insufficient gas flow; check the contents of the gas bottle and
the gas regulator.
WIRE MELTS UP TO THE CONTACT TIP AND REMAINS
HOOLED THERETO
a) Very low wire speed
b) Torch too close to the piece
c) Momentary interruption of the welding circuit that may be
caused by:
1. Contact tip oxidized.
2. Difficulties in the wire advancing mechanism.
3. Contact tip with diameter differing from that of the wire.
4. Faulty connection of the torch.
5. Little pressure in the wire advance.
6. Wire bobbin tangled or wrongly connected, thereby braking or
complicating normal advance of the wire.
WELD LACKING PENETRATION
a) Torch advance speed too high.
b) Low welding current.
c) Wire speed to low.
ARC DOES NOT FLARE UP
A) Check connection of the machine, of the grounding clamp and
of the torch.
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