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CONSUMER INFORMATION SHEET FOR PLAYGROUND SURFACING MATERIALS*
Select Protective Surfacing—One of the most important things you can
do to reduce the likelihood of serious head injuries is to install shock-
absorbing protective surfacing under and around your play equipment.
The protective surfacing should be applied to a depth that is suitable for
the equipment height in accordance with ASTM Specifi cation F1292.
There are different types of surfacing to choose from; whichever product
you select, follow these guidelines:
Loose-Fill Materials—Maintain a minimum depth of 23 cm (9 inches) of
loosefi ll materials such as wood mulch/chips, engineered wood fi ber
(EWF), or shredded/recycled rubber mulch for equipment up to 244 cm
(8 feet) high; and 23 cm (9 inches) of sand or pea gravel for equipment
up to 153 cm (5 feet) high. NOTE: An initial fi ll level of 31 cm (12
inches) will compress to about a 23 cm (9 inch) depth of surfacing over
time. The surfacing will also compact, displace, and settle, and should
be periodically refi lled to maintain at least a 23 cm (9 inch) depth.
Use a minimum of 16 cm (6 inches) of protective surfacing for play
equipment less than 122 cm (4 feet) in height. If maintained properly,
this should be adequate. (At depths less than 16 cm (6 inches), the
protective material is too easily displaced or compacted.)
NOTE: Do not install home playground equipment over
concrete, asphalt, or any other hard surface. A fall onto a hard surface
can result in serious injury to the equipment user. Grass and dirt are not
considered protective surfacing because wear and environmental factors
can reduce their shock absorbing effectiveness. Carpeting and thin mats
are generally not adequate protective surfacing. Ground level equipment
– such as a sandbox, activity wall, playhouse or other equipment that has
no elevated play surface – does not need any protective surfacing.
Use containment, such as digging out around the perimeter and/or lining
the perimeter with landscape edging. Don't forget to account for water
drainage.
Check and maintain the depth of the loose-fi ll surfacing material. To
The maximum fall height for this product is 37 in (94 cm).
We recommend using a minimum depth of 23 cm (9 in) of Wood Mulch.
TABLE 1 — Depth of Surfacing Material Required Based on Fall Heights
Material / Fall Height
Wood Mulch
Wood Chips
Fine Sand
Fine Gravel
Shredded Rubber**
*This information has been extracted from the CPSC publication "Outdoor Home Playground Safety Handbook". A copy of this publication can be
obtained by contacting U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission at www.cpsc.gov or calling the toll-free hotline: 1-800-638-2772.
**Shredded/recycled rubber loose-fi ll surfacing does not compress in the same manner as other loose-fi ll materials. However, care should be taken to
maintain a constant depth as displacement may still occur. This information has been extracted from the CPSC publication "Public Playground Safety
Handbook". A copy of this publication can be obtained at www.cpsc.gov or calling the toll-free hotline: 1-800-638-2772. Protective surfacing requirements
can be found in ASTM F1292, Standard Specifi cation for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Material within the Use Zone of Playground Equipment. These
standards can be ordered from ASTM International at www.astm.org.
maintain the right amount of loose-fi ll materials, mark the correct level
on play equipment support posts. That way you can easily see when to
replenish and/or redistribute the surfacing.
Do not install loose fi ll surfacing over hard surfaces such as concrete or
asphalt.
Poured-In-Place Surfaces or Pre-Manufactured
Rubber Tiles—You may be interested in using surfacing other than loose-fi ll
materials – like rubber tiles or poured-in-place surfaces.
Installations of these surfaces generally require a professional and are
not "do-it-yourself" projects.
Review surface specifi cations before purchasing this type of surfacing.
Ask the installer/manufacturer for a report showing that the product has
been tested to the following safety standard: ASTM F1292 Standard
Specifi cation for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials within the
Use Zone of Playground Equipment. This report should show the specifi c
height for which the surface is intended to protect against serious head
injury. This height should be equal to or greater than the fall height –
vertical distance between a designated play surface (elevated surface
for standing, sitting, or climbing) and the protective surfacing below – of
your play equipment.
Check the protective surfacing frequently for wear.
Placements—Proper placement and maintenance of protective surfacing is
essential. Be sure to:
Extend surfacing at least 2 m (6.6 feet) from the equipment in all
directions.
For to-fro swings, extend protective surfacing in front of and behind the
swing to a distance equal to twice the height of the top bar from which
the swing is suspended.
For tire swings, extend surfacing in a circle whose radius is equal to
the height of the suspending chain or rope, plus 2 m (6.6 feet) in all
directions.
(122 cm)
(152 cm) (183 cm) (213 cm) (244 cm) (274 cm) (305 cm)
4 ft
5 ft
(15 cm)
(23 cm)
(23 cm)
6 in
9 in
(15 cm)
(23 cm)
(23 cm)
6 in
9 in
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(15 cm)
6 in
(15 cm)
(23 cm)
6 in
9 in
(15 cm)
(15 cm)
(15 cm)
6 in
6 in
7
6 ft
7 ft
8 ft
(23 cm)
(23 cm)
9 in
9 in
9 in
(23 cm)
(23 cm)
9 in
9 in
9 in
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--
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--
--
(15 cm)
(15 cm)
6 in
6 in
6 in
9 ft
10 ft
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(15 cm)
(15 cm)
6 in
6 in
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