Manuels Connexes pour Megger DET5/4R
Sommaire des Matières pour Megger DET5/4R
- Page 1 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com DET5/4R & DET5/4D Digital Earth Testers USER GUIDE GUIDE DE L’UTILISATEUR GEBRAUCHSANLEITUNG GUÍA DEL USUARIO...
- Page 2 • Replacement fuses must be of the correct type and rating • Before charging the DET5/4R battery ensure that the correct supply fuse is fitted and the voltage selector is set correctly. • Warnings and precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used. They must be observed during use.
- Page 3 General Testing Procedure Repair and Warranty Display symbols Setting-up the test spikes etc. Guide de l’utilisateur Basic test procedure Gebrauchsanleitung Battery charging (DET5/4R) Fitting or replacing the battery cells (DET 5/4D) Guía del usuario MEASURING TECHNIQUES Testing earth electrodes Fall-of-Potential method...
- Page 4 Illustrations All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Fig.1 DET5/4 Features and controls Fig.12 Resistance curve from Slope method Fig.2 A method of connection where fault tests conditions may occur Fig.13 Possible results from several Slope Fig.3 Low battery voltage indication method tests Fig.4 High Current spike resistance warning Fig.14 ‘Dead’...
- Page 5 This kit current circuit test leads does not affect the result. also includes test spikes (electrodes) for making In the DET5/4R and DET5/4D the resistance of the temporary earth spikes. Potential circuit test leads can also be ignored because...
- Page 6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com decimal point automatically positioned. It also gives an over-range indication if the resistance under test exceeds 20 kΩ. This instruments has been designed to comply with the performance specifications of BS7430 (formerly CP 1013 from BSI), BS7671 (IEE Wiring Regulations) IEC 364, NFC 15-100 French Specification and VDE 0413 Part 7 (1982) German specification.
- Page 7 The primary application of the DET5/4R and moisture conditions, (e.g. brought about by changing DET5/4D is in the testing of earth electrodes, whether weather conditions or different seasons of the year).
- Page 8 To electrode under test (4 terminal test) To Potential test spike (3 terminal test) To Current test spike Battery compartment (and charger socket cover DET5/4R) ⁄ digit L.C.D. Low Battery indicator point Ω and kΩ range indicator points Low Battery and Range indicator...
- Page 9 Isolation current unintentional ‘Live' earths may be encountered ® EARTH EARTH TESTER TESTER MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D switches Remote between the site earth and remote earths established 3 POLE 4 POLE MEASURE R test spikes for test purposes.
- Page 10 CIRCUIT CONDITION WARNING INDICATORS Warning LED’s to the left of the display will indicate any It is advisable that the battery of the DET5/4R is excessive resistance in the Current circuit or Potential fully charged before embarking on a test circuit, and any excessive electrical ‘Noise’...
- Page 11 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com High Current Spike Resistance (Rc) the soil near the electrode under test and / or the During a test, if the resistance of the Current circuit is remote Potential spike. Whatever causes the condition too high for accurate measurement, the Rc LED warning to appear should be cleared before a test can automatically illuminates, accompanied by the warning...
- Page 12 OPERATION All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com and the solution may be to wait until the interference SETTING UP THE TEST SPIKES ETC. has subsided. Alternatively, choose a new position for For earth electrode testing and for earth resistivity the two remote test spikes, by re-siting them at right surveying, the instrument’s test leads are connected to angles to their first position;...
- Page 13 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com BASIC TEST PROCEDURE the instrument has commenced its test sequence. Four Terminal Measurement Once the button has been released, the test will After the test spikes have been set up and connected continue for approximately 30 seconds. to the instrument for the type of test to be carried out To switch the instrument ‘Off’...
- Page 14 OPERATION All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com BATTERY CHARGING (DET5/4R) It is advisable that the battery of the DET5/4R is fully When the fuse and voltage selector are correctly set, charged before embarking on a test sequence. It is plug the mains supply lead into a suitable socket outlet beneficial to the battery to keep it fully charged.
- Page 15 Insert the Current test spike into the ground some 30 to 50 metres away from the earth electrode to be tested. ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER Firmly connect this spike to the instrument terminal 'C2'.
- Page 16 ONLY be done if the test lead can be kept short because its resistance will be included in the measurement. ® EARTH EARTH TESTER TESTER MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D 3 POLE 4 POLE MEASURE R Note:- Earth electrode test lead resistance can be determined separately.
- Page 17 Potential under test spike spike Fig 9. Resistance areas associated with an earth electrode and current spike. ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER Theoretically, both the Current and Potential spikes 3 POLE 4 POLE should be at an infinite distance from the earth MEASURE R electrode.
- Page 18 10 metres, towards and then away from its first position and making further resistance measurements. (Remember that the Potential spike must also be moved in ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER 3 POLE 4 POLE accordance with the 61,8% Rule).
- Page 19 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com The earth resistance is measured at each separate Calculate the slope coefficient µ, where position of the Potential spike and the resistance curve µ = ( R3-R2 ) is plotted from the results. At least six readings are needed.
- Page 20 MEASURING TECHNIQUES Testing Earth Electrodes All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com another curve can be plotted, as shown in Fig. 13 for example. Fig.13 Possible results from several Slope method tests. This shows how the resistance is decreasing as the distance chosen for EC is increased.
- Page 21 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com METHOD USING A ‘DEAD’ EARTH the earth electrode and the ‘dead’ earth. The techniques using test spikes explained earlier are the preferred methods of earth testing. In congested areas it may not be possible to find suitable sites for the test spikes, nor sufficient space to run the test leads.
- Page 22 There are other methods of earth electrode testing Regulation 713-11 of BS7671 specifies that the among which are the Four Potential, Intersecting Curves and Star Delta methods. Megger Limited have produced resistance of earth electrodes must be measured. The accompanying Guidance Notes describe a method of a book entitled ‘A Simple Guide to Earth Testing’...
- Page 23 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com DETERMINING ‘TOUCH’ POTENTIAL ‘Touch’ potential is the potential difference a person would experience across his body if he were, for example, standing on the ground outside the earthed perimeter fence of a substation and touching the fence Earthed Perimeter Fence at the time a fault occurred.
- Page 24 MEASURING TECHNIQUES Testing Earth Electrodes All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com DETERMINING ‘STEP’ POTENTIAL ‘Step’ potential is the potential difference a person would experience between his feet as he walked across the ground in which a fault current was flowing. Earthed Perimeter Fence Firmly connect the instrument as follows :- SUBSTATION...
- Page 25 MEASURING TECHNIQUES Measuring Soil Resistivity All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com TYPICAL VARIATIONS IN SOIL RESISTIVITY first laid down and thereafter at periodic intervals. The resistance to earth of an earth electrode is Before sinking an electrode into the ground for a new influenced by the resistivity of the surrounding soil.
- Page 26 By this means depth surveys may be made. More details can be found in the Megger Limited publication ‘A Simple Guide to Earth Testing’ (Part Number 6171-230).
- Page 27 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com CALCULATION OF RESISTIVITY Assuming that the tests were carried out in homogeneous soil the resistivity is given by the formula:- ρ ρ = 2πaR where ‘R’ is the resistance measured in ohms, ‘a’ is the test spike spacing in metres and ‘ρ...
- Page 28 ® EARTH EARTH TESTER TESTER Note:- Due to the inherent high accuracy of the MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D instrument and the low continuity resistance to be 3 POLE 4 POLE MEASURE R measured, contact resistance between the test lead clips and the conduit becomes a factor in the measured Fig.
- Page 29 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com The instrument uses the four terminal method of measurement. A reversing d.c. test current is injected into the earth through terminals ‘C1’ and ‘C2’. The High Current Control logic potential developed across the earth is monitored with loop resistance ‘P1’...
- Page 30 SPECIFICATION All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Earth Resistance Ranges: 0,01 Ω to 19,99 Ω 0,1 Ω to 199,9 Ω 1 Ω to 1,999 kΩ 10 Ω to 19,99 kΩ Accuracy (23°C ±2°C): ±7.5% ±3 digits (±10% at >0.5 ohms and ±0.05 ohm at <0.5 ohms for KEMA K85B requirements.
- Page 31 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com These are loop resistances, therefore the resistance under test must be subtracted from these figures. If the ‘Rc’ indicator is not showing, the maximum error will not exceed 2%. Max. Potential Spike Resistance: An additional error (typically 1%) will be introduced by a Potential spike resistance of 75 kΩ.
- Page 32 Power Supply: Internal rechargeable sealed lead acid cells 12 V, 0,8 Ah capacity. Battery voltage range over which basic DET5/4R: accuracy is maintained, 10,0 V to 13,5 V. Battery life; 600 x 15 s tests Battery charging time, 10 hours max. (from completely exhausted).
- Page 33 Dimensions: 240 mm x 160 mm x 70 mm (9,4 in x 6,3 in x 2,75 in approx.) Weight: DET5/4R:1,27 kg (2,8 lb approx.) DET5/4D:0,82 kg (1.5 lb approx.) Cleaning: Wipe the disconnected instrument with a clean cloth dampened with soapy water or Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
- Page 34 6172-132 Standard Accessory kit 250579 Shorting bars (x2) 5131-365 Canvas case containing:- Power cord (for battery 2 x 20 in rods, leads charging DET5/4R) (25,50 &100 ft) OPTIONAL Instrument carrying harness 6220 - 537 Deluxe Accessory kit 250581 Carrying Case...
- Page 35 Chart for use with the Slope Method All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Values of P t / EC for Values of µ µ 0.40 0.6432 0.6431 0.6429 0.6428 0.6427 0.6425 0.6424 0.6422 0.6421 0.642 0.41 0.6418 0.6417 0.6415 0.6414 0.6412 0.6411...
- Page 36 Chart for use with the Slope Method (continued) All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com µ 0.64 0.6072 0.6071 0.6069 0.6068 0.6066 0.6064 0.6063 0.6061 0.606 0.6058 0.65 0.6056 0.6055 0.6053 0.6052 0.605 0.6048 0.6047 0.6045 0.6043 0.6042 0.66 0.604 0.6039 0.6037 0.6035...
- Page 37 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com µ 0.90 0.5618 0.5616 0.5614 0.5612 0.561 0.5608 0.5606 0.5604 0.5602 0.56 0.91 0.5598 0.5596 0.5595 0.5593 0.5591 0.5589 0.5587 0.5585 0.5583 0.5581 0.92 0.5579 0.5577 0.5575 0.5573 0.5571 0.5569 0.5567 0.5565 0.5563 0.5561 0.93 0.5559...
- Page 38 Chart for use with the Slope Method (continued) All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com µ 1.16 0.5046 0.5043 0.5041 0.5038 0.5036 0.5033 0.5031 0.5028 0.5025 0.5023 1.17 0.502 0.5018 0.5015 0.5013 0.501 0.5007 0.5005 0.5002 0.4997 1.18 0.4994 0.4992 0.4989 0.4987 0.4984...
- Page 39 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com µ 1.42 0.4232 0.4228 0.4225 0.4221 0.4217 0.4213 0.4209 0.4205 0.4201 0.4197 1.43 0.4193 0.4189 0.4185 0.4181 0.4177 0.4173 0.4168 0.4164 0.416 0.4156 1.44 0.4152 0.4148 0.4144 0.414 0.4136 0.4131 0.4127 0.4123 0.4119 0.4115 1.45 0.4111...
- Page 40 A number of independent instrument repair severe transport stresses. companies have been approved for repair work on most Megger instruments, using genuine Megger spare parts. New Instruments are Guaranteed for 3 Years from the Consult the Appointed Distributor/Agent regarding spare Date of Purchase by the User.
- Page 41 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com...
- Page 42 S'assurer que les fusibles de rechange sont du type prévu et ont un pouvoir de coupure correct. Avant de recharger la batterie DET5/4R, s'assurer que le fusible d'alimentation correct est en position et que le sélecteur de tension occupe la plage correcte.
- Page 43 à la terre à distance installées pour effectuer les essais. Une mise à la terre "sous tension" achemine du Courant courant depuis l'alimentation secteur ou risque de le de défaut ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER faire en présence d'une anomalie. 3 POLE...
- Page 44 Il est recommandé de bien charger la batterie de à la tension maximale de défaut. Consulter à ce titre la DET5/4R avant d'effectuer une série d'essais. En Section intulée “Procédure d;essai de Base”. effet, si la charge de la batterie devient trop faible Procedure Generale D’essai...
- Page 45 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com lors d'un test puisse être considéré comme valide. Pour résoudre ce problème, il est possible de verser de l'eau sur le sol à proximité de la sonde de courant, de déplacer cette sonde ou d'utiliser plusieurs sondes. Fig.
- Page 46 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com vérifiée qu'au début d'un essai et ne constitue pas un Inversion de Polarite processus réalisé en continu. Pour revérifier cette Lorsque les conducteurs de potentiel sont inversés par résistance, il faut appuyer sur le bouton-poussoir rapport aux conducteurs de courant, l'écran clignote approprié...
- Page 47 à la plage de courant inférieure qui peut tolérer une ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER résistance plus élevée de la sonde de courant.
- Page 48 Il est recommandé de bien recharger la batterie de celles des mesures à 4 bornes, si ce n'est qu'il faut l'instrument DET5/4R avant d'effectuer une séquence appuyer sur le bouton-poussoir 3 pole pour faire d'essai. Il est également avantageux de maintenir cette fonctionner cet instrument.
- Page 49 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com suffit d'inverser la position du porte-fusible dans cette qui doit rester inutilisé pendant des périodes prolongées. prise. Lorsque le fusible et le sélecteur de tension sont corrects, brancher le conducteur d'alimentation secteur sur une prise femelle appropriée et mettre le circuit sous tension.
- Page 50 ACCESSOIRES FOURNIS NUMERO DE REFERENCE Guide Utilisateur 6172-132 2 barres de court-circuit 5131-365 Cordon électrique(pour recharge de batterie DET5/4R) EN OPTION Harnais de transport de l'instrument 6220-537 Coffret de transport 6231-585 Trousse d'essai de mise à la terre à quatre bornes...
- Page 51 Réparation d’instruments et pièces de rechange imprimes. Si la protection d’un instrument s’est trouvee Pour le service des instruments Megger prendre affectée de quelque maniére il ne doit pas être utilisé et contact soit: doit être expeedié...
- Page 52 • Es müssen Ersatzsicherungen der richtigen Nennleistung installiert werden. • Achten Sie vor dem Aufladen der DET5/4R-Batterie darauf, daß die richtige Versorgungssicherung angebracht und der Spannungswähler auf die richtige Spannung eingestellt ist. • Vor Gebrauch des Instruments müssen Sie die Vorsichtsmaßnahmen lesen und verstehen. Sie sind während des Gebrauchs zu beachten.
- Page 53 Arbeiten in der Nähe von Hochspannungsanlagen schalter unbedingt erforderlich, wenn unbeabsichtigt Fehlerstrom entfernt ® EARTH EARTH spannungsführende Erdungsleitungen zwischen der TESTER TESTER MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D angebrachte Anlage und der Erdung von Nebenstationen für 3 POLE 4 POLE MEASURE R Prüfstäbe Prüfzwecke hergestellt werden. Eine spannungsführende Erdungsleitung ist eine, die den...
- Page 54 Falls Bedingungen für Prüfung zufriedenstellend sind, stabilisiert sich Leuchtanzeige und die angezeigten Werte können akzeptiert werden. Es empfiehlt sich, beim Arbeiten mit dem DET5/4R vor Beginn einer Prüfsequenz darauf Fig.2 Batteriespannungsanzeige zu achten, daß die Batterie voll aufgeladen ist. Es...
- Page 55 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com STROMKREIS-WARNANZEIGEN Verwendung von mehr als einem Stab gelöst werden. Prüfstab für Hochspannungswiderstand (Rp) Die Warnanzeigen auf der linken Seite der Bildanzeige Um anzuzeigen, daß der Widerstand des Stromkreises zeigen an, daß der Widerstand des Stromkreises oder zu hoch für eine genaue Messung ist, leuchtet der Spannungssonde und das elektrische 'Rauschen' automatisch die Rp-Leuchtanzeige zusammen mit der...
- Page 56 Betrieb All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Fig.5 Anzeige für Polaritätsumkehrung Fig.4 Warnanzeige für übermäßige Rauschstörung Einrchtung Der Prüfstabe USW Unter solchen Bedingungen kann keine Messung Für die Prüfung von Elektroden und die Überwchung vorgenommen, vielmehr muß abgewartet werden bis des Erdwiderstands werden die Prüfkabel des die Störung sich abschwächt.
- Page 57 Instrument automatisch auf unter test einen geringeren Strombereich ein, der einen höheren Stromabwiderstand verarbeiten kann. Dies führt zu einem Auflösungsverlust. EARTH EARTH ® MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER Die Taste kann zu jedem Zeitpunkt losgelassen 3 POLE...
- Page 58 Betrieb All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Messung mit drei Anschlüssen BATTERIELADUNG (DET5/4R) Bei diesem Prüfverfahren handelt es sich im Es ist ratsam, die Batterie des DET5/4R vor Beginn wesentlichen um dasselbe Verfahren wie bei der einer Prüfsequenz vollständig aufzuladen.
- Page 59 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com Stecken Sie nach korrekter Einstellung von Sicherung EINSETZEN ODER AUSWECHSELN und Spannungswähler den Neztzstecker in eine BATTERIEN (DET5/4D) geeignete Netzsteckdose und schalten Sie das Gerät Achtung: Verwenden Sie nur Batterien des richtigen ein. Daraufhin erscheint neben der Stromversorgung Typs (Alkali IEC LR6).
- Page 60 Zubehör All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com MITGELIEFERT ZUBEHÖRNUMMER Gebrauchsanietung 6172-532 Erdshlußstäbe 5131-365 Netzkabel (für Batterieaufladung DET5/4R) AUF WUNSCH LIEFERBAR Tragegurt für das Instrument 6220-537 Trageghäuse 6231-585 Erdungsprüfkasten mit 4 Anschlüssen 6310-755 bestehend aus einer Tragetasche inklusive:- Fäustel, 4 Prüfstäbe aus galvanisiertem Stahl 12 mm stark (quadratsich) x 450 mm lang.
- Page 61 Beschädigung, fehlende Anzeige der erwarteten Eine Reihe von Firmen sind für die Reparatur der Meßergebnisse; längere Lagerung unter widrigen meisten Megger - lnstrumente unter Verwendung von Bedingungen oder starke Transportbelastung. Original Megger -Ersatzteilen autorisiert. Wenden Sie NEUE INSTRUMENTE UNTERLIEGEN EINER GARANTIE...
- Page 62 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com NORMAS DE SEGURIDAD En instalaciones donde exista la posibilidad de que hayan tierras bajo tensión, se deben tomar medidas de precaución especiales y emplear interruptores y fusibles de aislamiento. Véase la página 63 para más información. Mientras el instrumento esté...
- Page 63 Corriente por una mala instalación o por una condición de fallo. del fallo ® EARTH EARTH MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D TESTER TESTER Picas de prueba Todas las personas encargadas de realizar este...
- Page 64 Antes de proceder con la secuencia de prueba, se PROCEDIMIENTO GENERAL PARA LA recomienda instalar en el probador DET5/4R una REALIZACIÓN DE PRUEBAS pila completamente cargada. Esta medida de Conecte y asegure firmemente los terminales del precaución evita los innumerables inconvenientes...
- Page 65 En cualquier caso, la condición de aviso debe corregirse antes de realizar la prueba. El problema puede deben volver a cargar (DET5/4R), o sustituir (DET5/4D), para poder seguir realizando las pruebas. Fig. 2 Indicación de voltaje bajo de las pilas solucionarse humedeciendo el área alrededor de la...
- Page 66 OPERACIÓN All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com la pica o usando varias picas. Téngase en cuenta que POLARIDAD INVERTIDA la resistencia de la pica de potencial sólo se Si la polaridad de los cables de potencial está invertida comprueba al momento de iniciar la prueba y no es un con respecto a los cables de corriente, la pantalla proceso que se ejecuta continuamente.
- Page 67 ® EARTH EARTH TESTER TESTER MEGGER MEGGER DET5/4D DET5/4D El pulsador puede liberarse en cualquier momento 3 POLE 4 POLE MEASURE R después de que haya comenzado la secuencia de prueba.
- Page 68 Antes de proceder con la secuencia de prueba, se prueba es el mismo que se utiliza para la medición de recomienda instalar en el probador DET5/4R una pila cuatro terminales, excepto que hay que pulsar el botón completamente cargada. Esta medida de precaución 3 pole.
- Page 69 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com portafusible en la toma. INSTALACIÓN O REEMPLAZO DE LAS PILAS Cuando el tipo fusible y la posición del selector de (DET5/3D) voltaje sean adecuados, enchufe el cable de Precaución:- Utilice únicamente pilas alcalinas IEC alimentación y encienda el instrumento.
- Page 70 All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com INCLUIDOS NÚMERO DE PIEZA Guía del Usuario 6172-132 Barras de acortamiento (x2) 5131-365 Cable de alimentación (para cargar la pila DET5/4R) OPCIONAL 6220-537 Arnés de transporte 6231-585 Estuche 6310-755 Kit de la prueba de tierra de 4 terminales...
- Page 71 Reparación de Instrumentos y Piezas de Repuesto dirección adecuada. Al mismo tiempo, deberá Para un servicio de los instrumentos Megger contacte adjuntarse una copia de la factura y de la nota de por favor con: envío, por correo aéreo, a fin de acelerar los trámites...
- Page 72 OTHER TECHNICAL SALES OFFICES Toronto CANADA, Sydney AUSTRALIA, Madrid SPAIN, Mumbai INDIA and the Kingdom of BAHRAIN. Megger products are distributed in 146 countries worldwide. This instrument is manufactured in the United Kingdom. The company reserves the right to change the specification or design without prior notice.