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THE HEAT PUMP CYCLE
The CALOREX Heat Pump provides thermodynamic heating by
means of a vapour compression cycle, (similar to that employed in a
2. The COMPRESSOR where it
is compressed and upgraded to a
much higher temperature. The hot
vapour now enters –
WATER OUT
WATER IN
3. The CONDENSER where it is surrounded by
the water to be heated. The heat is given up to the
cooler water and the now cold refrigerant returns to
its former liquid state but still under high pressure
from the compressor. This pressure is released by
passing the liquid through –
COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE
The efficiency of a heat pump is usually called its 'Coefficient of
Performance' – (C.O.P.) which is simply a ratio of heat output to energy
input, both being expressed in kW. Thus a heat pump absorbing 1 kW
of electricity, collecting 4 kW of energy from the air, and delivering
5 kW of heat to the water is said to have a C.O.P. of 5:1.
Naturally this ratio will vary according to the temperature of the
ambient air.
SD566251 ISSUE 36
conventional refrigerator), in addition to operating as an active solar
collector.
1. The EVAPORATOR collects energy from the outside
ambient air, pre-heated by the sun. High volumes of outside
air are drawn through the Calorex unit by the fan and
expelled through the evaporator fins. The evaporator has
liquid refrigerant passing through it which is at a considerably
lower temperature than the ambient air. Therefore the air
gives up its heat to the refrigerant which then vaporizes. This
preheated vapour now travels to –
2
COMPRESSOR
HOT GAS
3
HEAT
EXCHANGER
EVAPORATOR
CONDENSED
REFRIGERANT
EXPANSION
VALVE
4
HIGH PRESSURE SIDE
COOL GAS
1
COLD LIQUID
COLD LIQUID
REFRIGERANT
REFRIGERANT
LOW PRESSURE SIDE
4. The EXPANSION DEVICE and
from there, now at lower pressure, it
is returned to the evaporator and the
cycle starts again.
AMBIENT
AIR
5
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