Heller
1172
]VAQUETTE
A
IMONTER
E-2C Hawkeye
80349
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ThemctwlnecbleshiDsinaccmbatfeelaEtua:-@t€*6.
ChErcl#dlBships,o,whidfrefttegic
( G R )
"t*am
"
stll
wtuul
doubt,
h6
repr*nb
,
iinE
@m.
By
my
of
e&trde, stEn
d€y
st
sail,
Amedm
Y-7
"io.t
i*6
are
p@M
io*ie
a kind of
bu5b€.
a
sra@ uthin
Mich rc intuion b pemibd
witu
prelimtury
OpeEtrcnal
eiling
MailrM tre
in
tE
zore
,,a
Ls
batmenb
18 plus
vuh6rabl6 dure flote
&
Mbat
snt
14 pode-aMoB.
La
proldim
rappr@h6e de ces naures,
(
F
)
dml
l'inbrCr
sbtdglque
d elBe
a
lhere adelle
indiuhb,
appaEft
doc
ffihe
pdmordhle. A
tte
d'exemple,
\:-./
brsqu'happdelbilbpo@avicam&icairedvdueddffiure$re&bulle,unvolumeafntdddrduqudilon
itus n'd
adnb
9N edEtm pffib,
s
pdre
de
s rcrerfe
a
lun
&s
rcmkeux
Fi4_blM d Fj8
Horet
etuqE
er
bd.
La
c'lel
d€ voole
& e
sysGre
esl le
tlawlGye.
Csql
pa
GMmm
dds 1957
par
emplf
des
ldim
de
sureitlre
A panir
de
pobavioffi
de fagon
lotdmenl
autonom€,
le
E-2 Hawkeye n'a iusqu'a @
i@r jamais
(N
d6dmI
G&inemeil
le
plus compl€x€ d6s appareils
embarqu6
a&d$
ses
dimemiffi
g66reuses re l'emt8$enl pou&nl
pas
& pwoi
de*nde
dare
16
hagats
du
pore-auore,
la
voilure
e
repliail lat6ralemeil
de chaque c6t6
du
fuelage.
Son c@ur
opdEtonrel
est
v6iblemenl
son
Edat a$@i6 a
un elculateur
d6
plus
raplde6,
Sa
ve6im
la
pls
abode, le
E-2C, esl apparue
en
1970-
Succstuement
6quipe6 de rada6
plus
p€rfomanb
16
ure qu€ les autes
ayant
pour
mm
AN/APS.1S, AMAPS-139 et
enfin
AN/APSI
45, 16
demidE
ve6ion6
du Hawkeye
pwent
d6teder st poutsuivrc avec precision,
de
faFn
loElemenl
automtque,
prb
de
1
m
pjsl6
ad6
el 800
pisbs pssjves,
dm
un
qa@
de quelques 40 milliore
&
km2
.
Sode d€
Ftt
AWACS
embaqw,
le
Ha*eye
st
en
eil@
a!
seln de IUS
Nary mds lEglpte,
Taiws,
le
Japm,
lsradl
et
SingEpur
l'dili*il
A
panir de
bas terut4.
U
Madre
hangak
a
mmandd
fois
exe@la6
de
h ve6im
la
d6
r6ente
du Hawkeye
en
avdl
1
995.
Le
prempr
a
616
r6@lim#
$r
b
be & hGBtud
b
18
(ffire
1s. Cs ffiEib
rclerml
au
sin
de la Hoflill€ 4F embarquee sur
b
mN
Cffi
&
Gaune.
lb
asurermt
M slerenl
h
pddfr &
b
tute,
ma6
aud
b gui&ge
et
le
eNifmdl
des
a$c &
(mbat
au
dG
G l]M
deut
b Mude d6
inE@8u6,
la
srvalrc
de
lry@
a6tun,
el fodenHlm
k @6
Fndafr
l€
ffih&seEge.
atush,
o
penalty of
mang
Ia@
to
fae
ffi G
ol
tu
rony Fl4
Trcb q
F
18
Hm6ts emed
ff Md.
The
6re6@
of
tu
sysEm
is
he
Hawbye.
&$gned
by
Grumron
in
1
957
b €rry
d
sureillare
fundjons
h
bhlly
almru
lashim fiom aicraft €merc,
the E-2 Hawkeye has
cmtjrued
lo
e\&
Vvllhd
doubt lhe
mct
dnplex
of existjng onb@rd
ai@n, .
its
gonerous
dimereiore
do nol pre@nt it being able to enter
d@fr
€rer
ha@6,
frh b
frngs
loltu
lale6lly
ff
edr
side of
te
tuse
age.
lb
operatmal
h€n
E really
iE radal
linked wiln
me d he
ret
€pid
@mpde6.
fte
m6l
&wloped venio,
the
E2C.
appeared
in
1
970.
Suffiivdy
equipped
wih everincr€sirEly
efide
cdai
tp
AITAPS-I
S,
AIVAPS-
1
39
and
fiEIly AMAPSI
6,
dre lalest
vedore
of
he
Hawkeye @n delecl and puEue
adately
in
lohlly
automalic mannet
mo€
tEn
1
600 ac{ve tGcks and 800
pNtue
trak
over an area ol
$me
40
millim
km2
.
A
krd
ol
mini
stoard
AWACS, Hawkeyo
hs ben
in
sM@
in the US Navy,
bd
Eglpt,
Taiwan,
JaFn.
ls6el
and SingaFpre also
ope€b
il
frm
land
bas-
The Frerch NaW odored lf1@ cf
tre
md lffi
' a
vedm
ot
dE
Hafreye
in
Apil
1S5.
The
firstw6 @ived
al
h
Lann-Bihoue
Ba*
o
l8h
ktur
1998. The aircraft
d[
fty
h
tu
4F
Fbel. cnied onioard tre
Chais
de Gaulle
drc€fl
€der
They
e
rcspocible
rcl
only
lor
p@tgctng
fE
Fleet
bd fo.,
g€drE
atu idom
ng
ffir
aiisai duiru
asu[ mM,
mdilodng
iil€r@pm, sureilla@
o,
aiqae ad tuAm
a
re
I
ereGq *ds
duing
reff
@rabre.
EI1w
Lfigs
l.&r
S{rh6
abie
bd
M@:\fus@i
VtE
de
drE!€€E
Plaffi
opdEtdrd
T€nps trEd
srem
Md
EqriEge
:
24.$
m
:
17.m
m
:5,58
m
:66i12
:24
150 kg
:
kErtiEtuTSA#&5]mCV
:645
krfr
:
{€0 lqr*1
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:,lh25md@kmdeek
bfEh
reigh
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:
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my
spsd
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m
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5
lm
tP
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ai
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eSts
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mds
wlreabl€s
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foh
de
ffibale s t6 poGatu.
Pd
rb
E
qd46
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barc
cuyo inbr6s
6tat6gb
sig@
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idffib
6 pffi.
A
tu
e FTb
ffi
ry
E
pfrauons
amed@n6
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ffi
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rc
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rlM
intussinauodzacidnprevia,
sopem&@
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rc
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g
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ffi sttdg
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ft * l@
M
B
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13
d
N'APSI
6.
n
&
tlqp.
d ffi
tu
^
ffi
&
I
m e
Hgr d m F9€ Hgr
au,
and
a0
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H
E
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e 6 h
AWACS
A€a4 *
s l*+
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LS
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m
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au.h
ad
6 a&dBtu
n
ri$?h TM
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m18 Dffi19$adaSEBddLarrrB*e6gefef€tDiesFlugarg€#&Fl@4FePANCt€rl6deGaubaffi6,
rc * d
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der
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eiru@E
kM
sollen,
sdem
audr
ar lslq4 d
Arfl(ErurE
6
knpfrugzeuge
bjm
krIftdBiaEpo.EieE,
ar
Kmidle
der
Abfangjagel
ar
UbemchurE
k Lufuaft ud ar
oli€&tur€
&r Hiffie B
RdIgsks.
lbE
a
bM.
La piedra angular d6
*te
sistem
6
d
lh*eye. Ctss& F
GllJla@
{
1S7
E
6'tdr
@
*
ugihrcia
en
Ic phauo@
de
icma lobl@nte
adffi,
d
E-2
H*qe E
s€g.d
ffi
&
a-tre
Cr E
harEa6
del
potutrreq
ya que
ss
ahs
s€
redl'3a
hffi
g tu
tr
3 i.sq€ i ffi
ft
@
4 I d4 Mado m
un
caldlador
$ffite
ftirpido. So
s*h
ftis bgre d
E_2C
@
- 'ti
S.@
6quipad6
m
Edae cda
@z mds
$i{icadc,
y
dermitda NAPSIS. fl
af'S-r
3
y
F ft
A\
AP91+.
B Lh
w6tud
Ha*eyeFsdenddffiyegof mp@idfid6ldmffi66a
@ *'AC
iE
aG
i S re.6
un
epacio de
rc 0 dlm
de
la€
.
EWie
de
peqBtu AWAG
ffi.
d
l*
*
F gE
a
a
LB
nbaf
y
Egipto,TM, &pfr
,
lsEil
y
Singapurlodlizd
tude
tEsteEB.
En
d e
1S5.
ts
[h
b
g6!c BFFhE
delaversi6n masreoenled€lHawkoye. Elprimercse
rdbi6enlabe&ffid
18
€ ffi
c
19S
kffib
wladn
en la
Hotlla
4F
embar€da
€n el PAN
Chai6
de
Gexe.
No sdlo
s
e@rgdfr
6
b
trlw
e
E
!@ s ffii61 d
guiadoydelainfomacidndelosavlonsdecombaleen16midosdeaelb,dffieErted6.cbvi{rarchGl
spacio a6@
y de
la
oientacidn
de los
equipG
de
s@o
en las
operadoe
& s&lffi.
Bse
@
De
IlH
lsetsbee
sc*Wn
w s
@dogsud
,
&
#9Ghcde6dwn.
Een hel€
lp€d€
beftdrp w
&ze
dBpen,
wa@
de
Sleg*
d
tsge@dg
.og
6
rsesbs
6.
6 dJs
hd HrErif
Ei
wbd.
:24,56 m
:
17,60 m
:5,58
m
:Srn2
:24.10k9
:
2
AlbocTudM
TSA€
nit 5.1m
PS
:
e5 knt'
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:
12.500 m
:
4
25rtr
r
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h
hfemurE
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:ffiiBSrhn
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KQibt
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:24,56
m
:17,60
m
:
s,58 m
:sm2
:24
160
lg
:
Dos
turbiB
Allis T5GA# &
5.1m CV
:625 knvh
:
ffi
krrtr
:125mm
:
de 4,25 h a 320 km de su
Mse
I
6,15 h
:
5
hmbres
(Piloto, Copildo,
Opeador
€dal
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aire.
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orffiEsftqlltx.,:Ig,@-Torcdrairff6tuqoE2C.@rc
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rrkrhg,
de
E-2C,
lcm
in 19m.
AdrElmdgm dEpd
rEide
ffi
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AIVAP91S
at S
a.dq66Erh(dlpr6adxd0emirudpEd@NAP91S.NAP+l39xo*dNAPSl4tE1Mir
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bealEmirg
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I
bastmenli piir
wlrecbili
di una
floh
di
6mbatmento
erc
le
pomerei.
k
proteioe
rawcinah
di
qEte
mU,
il
di
iilere$e
slEEgico d arche
oggi indiscutibile, appare
pehnlo i@darenhle.
A
fldo
dssempio,
quado slpano,
le
pofuerei
amei€re
ewlvmo
in
una specie
di
bolla,
un
vdume
alllnEmo del
qude
nsun
intruso vi6no
ammes
senza
ahiruime
prewffia,
p€m
rcvaEl
di
ircnle a
um
dei numerosi F-14
Tom€t
o
Fj8
Homet in
funZom a
bordo. La chiave di
rclh
di questo
sisbma
e il
Fh*eye.
Prcgebto
da Grumman sin dal 1957 p€r
cmpiere
tuddi
d swegliaEa
a panire
&
potuerei
in modo del
tub
alffio,
IE-2
Hawkeye
no
ha
mi Nb
fm
a o!E[ di
rere
ruore evoluimi.
Celmtr
il
piir
@mpl€s
degli
appad
arua[
iMllat
a
br&
delb
mil
digum,
le
$s
qmndidinmi(fr
M
gli
impedi@rc d
sdere
mgii
harEEr delle
pomerei,
g@je
alla re1atu6
66
si
ripiegts
laleBlrede
da
entambi
a
ldi
dh
GdbE.
ll
M
rure wElivo
C il
w
Eda(
a#lo
a un Gl@latore xa
iplu
Epldi.
La
sua
veBiore
piir
mdema,
l'E-2C, e
appaM
nel 1970.
Su@$ivamente dohte
di€&r
piir
efcienti
gliunideglialtriche
hanno p€r nome
All/APSiS,
AtryAPSl39
ed iniine
AN/APS-16,|e ullimevedonidell'Hawkeye
psrc
dlevare
eseguire@npredsiore,
in
un mododeltutoauiomatco,
quasil
m0 pisteafrveed
800
pistepa$ive,ln
urcspuiodioh64m
milioni
di
h2.
Specie
di
pi@lo
AWACS, l'Hawkeye
e in
*ryizio preso
l'US
Na!y, ma l'Egito,
Taiwan,
iL
Giappone, lsraele
e Sing4orc
luUiano
a
padire da basl
tefiesti.
b
Marina
fran@e
M
ordimb re
esmplad
della
vedm
piir
reente dell'Ha*6ye
nell'apdle
1S.
llprim
d
shto
devdo
sulla base di
hGBib@
il
18
diembre 1S8.
Qrrdi
ffiredi
vdermrc
all'inlerc
della
Flotglia 4F
e
wmrc
iNhllat
sul PAN
CfEds
&
Gulle.
Bi Ni@reEm
rcn
elo
la
pmtetue
&lh
to&,
ma
arche
la
guida
e
l'inbmdne
degli
aereidi@mbanimenb
drraile
missiffidiasb,
ii
@frdo
cbgli
inter@M,
h
wedha
dello spano
aerm
e
lodffimenlo
dei
s@Ei
durab
le
@etdi@i
di salvataggio.
apaelham,
os
po&'au6es
ameficanos navegam numa esp6cie d€ baleo, um
rclume denfo
do qual
Enhum
intruso 6 admilido
sm
auoda€o
pr6via,
sob
pena d6 se
erconbar fu@ a
um
dG inlmeos
Fi4
Tm@t
d Fi8
Homel
embaMdG
a
bordo.
A
paft
e$ensal d6te
sistema 6 o Hawkeye.
Concebdo
por
Grummm
a panir
de
1
957
paE
deffiFnhar
6
fun6s
de vigiHncia a
padr
cb
pffi€fu
de
mreira tobjrenle
aulqrcma, o
E-2
Hadeye nu@
6ou
de
evduir aE
a
&h- C€ftmde
o
mis Mp,exo
d6
apadhG ed)a@dos
&Mb, 6 s6 dh#
gerel@s
nao o
itrpedem
&
pder
desr n6
harEare
do
poG€stu,
p(is
6
su6
as ffiEm€
laleElmene
& €&
lado da
telagem.
O
su
@Egao
Wadmd
6
@rdadei@nb
o
*u
Ed4
a$dado
a um
Glcuador
d6
mais
rapidG.
A sua
ve65o mab Mseguida,
o E-2C,
apar@u
em
1
970.
Su€si€meme
equipadB
@m
c
adares
mais
efi€zs
que
t6m @mo
nom
AMAPS'138.
ANI/APS-13g
e
fndmste
AN/APSizls,
a6
ifrm6
verstus do
Hawkej,€ podem
detecbr e pebeguir
com precisao, de
mmeiE
lotalm€nte
autmdti€, petu
de
1 600
pisEs
adivs
e 800 pishs
pNivas,
num espaqo de
@M
d€ 40 milh6es de km2
.
kp6cie
de pequeno
AWAG
embaredo,
o Hawkeyg 6sU em setoiqo na US
Navy, mas o
Egipto,
Taiwan, Japao,
lscel
e
Siruapua utliam-no
a panir de
bas6
teGtes.
A
Madnha rran@sa en@mendou
tr&
exmdffi
da
vedo
mais
re€nte
do
Ha*eye
em
trd G
1995.
O pdreirc
tu
rdido
m
base de lanftBihou6 em
18
de
Dezedrc
& ls. EG
aparelh6
wao
m
EsquaddlM 4F
mbarcada
no
mN
ctEds
de Gaulle.
Asguaao
ffio
ffisle
a
prcEcaaodatuhm6hddmoguiamenbeahloma€otuatu&(mMbduEnle6mB&sdeaslb,oEtrolodG
inler@pto6,
a vigilanoa do espago a6reo, e a odenEgao
dc mft6
durade
6
weE!66
do salvam€nto.
1
lmp. HELLER
.\
ffin*lfu
,ffr
e
nave
mars
w(nedve6
de uma
rroh
de
6mbaE
sao os
ptu-au6es.
A
pdocaao
aproximada
desls nau6,
@io
\-/
niere$e
estal6grco e
anda
atrdmenE idMulivel,6,
por@nseguinte,
pimordial.
A
liulo
de exemplo,
quan&
eles