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Plasma cutting: procedure and technical
data
Plasma is the high temperature (around 10,000°C),
ionized gas generated by the electric arc during any
welding process. In the plasma cutting process the
ionized gas is constricted at high speed (over 1,000
m/s) through the torch nozzle. The nozzle and electrode
constrict and maintain the plasma jet.
The cutting operation is therefore the result of the
following combined actions:
•
the temperature of the plasma arc melts the metal,
pierces through the workpiece and
•
the high speed gas flow removes the molten material
The special shape of the torch nozzles attains
maximum arc constriction so as to minimize cutting
width and maximize cutting depth.
The basic plasma cutting system consists of:
•
a DC power source
•
a compressed gas source
•
a pressure reducer
•
a plasma cutting torch
TORCH
Plasma cutting process is used as an alternative to the
oxyacetylene cutting process when cutting mild steel,
whereas it is essential for cutting stainless steel,
aluminium and its alloys, as well as other non-ferrous
metals.
Air is the most widely used plasma gas, probably due to
the fact that compressed air is relatively cheap and
readily available at virtually any location. There are may
different plasma and shield gas combinations (e.g.
argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and their mixtures) which
can be used to enhance the cut performance on
different materials and applications, but they require the
use of special water-cooled torches.
All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
GAUGE
REDUCER
The table below illustrate, as an indication, the relation
existing among current output, workpiece thickness
(mild steel in this example) and cutting speed. Purely as
an indication, it can be stated that aluminium
workpieces that can be cut are roughly the same
thickness as mild steel, whereas in the case of stainless
steel thickness is reduced by about 30%.
Cutting speed (cm/min)
20
50
70
100
150
200
Page 10
Current output 30A
Thickness (mm)
9.0
7.0
5.5
4.5
3.5
2.5
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