Electrical Installation - Solbian SXP64QJB Manuel D'installation

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

A photovoltaic module behaves like a current generator (such as a battery) and therefore has a positive contact and a negative
contact.
Normally, the module cannot supply an electrical device directly, due to the variability of the current which depends on the intensity
of the sunlight. It is therefore standard practice to use the module to charge a battery, which then supplies current to the devices.
A battery may only be charged directly by the photovoltaic module if the voltage is exactly right for the chosen battery (e.g.
14V charge voltage for a 12V lead-acid battery). However, this set-up is at risk of overcharging and is inefficient. We therefore
recommend the use of electronic charge regulators, which optimize the charging process. Solbian strongly recommends using
charge regulators with MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking), in order to exploit the maximum amount of energy possible.
The cables must be of sufficient cross-section to avoid significant voltage-drop. Always use specific cable for photovoltaic
installations, resistant to atmospheric agents. The cross-section must be chosen taking into account the cable length. The table
below shows some examples:
MAX CURRENT (ISC)
6 A
8 A
12 A
EXAMPLES OF INSTALLATIONS (see diagrams on last page)
a. One single module with a charge regulator, battery and load. This is the optimal solution. The load can be supplied directly by the
regulator, when conditions allow, or by the battery.
b. With several modules, the best solution is to connect each one independently to a separate regulator. The regulators can then be
connected in parallel to the battery, as they are protected against reverse current. ATTENTION: When the regulators are connected
in parallel, the total current is the sum of each regulator's current, and therefore the cross-section of the cable to the battery must be
calculated accordingly.
c. Two modules may be connected in series. In this case, the voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages of the two modules and the
current through each is the same. Only modules with the same current (i.e. same cell type) can be connected in series.
d. In parallel connections, the voltage is the same as that of each single module (only modules of the same voltage can be connected in
parallel) whereas the currents are added together. In order to avoid wasted energy, and overheating and even fires, it is essential to
use blocking diodes with parallel connections (see circuit diagram).
The choice of charge regulator depends on the configuration of the installation, the type of modules and the battery. If you purchase your
charge regulator together with SolbianFlex modules, you will receive the necessary assistance in choosing. In any case, Solbian will not
be held responsible for damage or malfunctioning caused by incorrect use of charge regulators, whether purchased from Solbian or not.
Make sure that you read the regulator's instructions very carefully.
MAINTENANCE OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Due to the absence of moving parts, the required maintenance is minimal. The following instructions are important:
P Keep the modules clean. Wash with fresh water, especially in a marine environment, to avoid damage caused by saltwater.
P The surface of the modules may be cleaned using neutral soap and water, wiping carefully and without using abrasive material.
Denatured alcohol (methylated spirit) can be used to remove grease etc.
P Check the structural integrity of the installation and the electrical connections periodically.
P Check the efficiency of the system using the monitoring functions in the charge regulators (LEDs or displays).
Less than 2 metres
2,5 mm
2
4,0 mm
2
4,0 mm
2
CABLE LENGTH
From 2 to 8 metres
4,0 mm
2
6,0 mm
2
8,0 mm
2
SOLBIANFLEX PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
From 8 to 15 metres
6,0 mm
2
8,0 mm
2
10,0 mm
2
ENG
ITA
FRA
ESP
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