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of our eyes. There was no sample-and-hold effect; thus, moving objects looked sharp
and detailed.
CRTs had many downsides, though: The tube design required the CRT to be very deep,
opposite of today's "flat" panel displays, extremely heavy, and severely limited the
practical size of the display. Furthermore, the line-by-line scanning technique of the
image resulted in noticeable flickering. In order to lessen the flickering, some CRT
manufacturers switched to 100/120Hz, because at these higher refresh frequencies,
flickering becomes much less visible.
2.3 Plasma Displays
Plasma displays, another major technology of yesteryears, created images using tiny
gas cells positioned between two panels of glass. These cells, filled with a mixture of
noble gasses, would become plasma when exposed to electrical currents, emitting
ultraviolet light. This light then interacted with phosphors coated on the inside of the
display to produce visible light.
Motion Handling in Plasmas: Similar to CRTs, plasma displays did not rely on a
sample-and-hold method. The short-lived light bursts from the phosphors, coupled with
the refresh strategy of plasmas, resulted in minimal motion blur. This made plasma
displays popular among enthusiasts and professionals alike, especially for fast-moving
content. However, Plasmas were not entirely free of motion artifacts, as the subfield
driving method used in these displays could introduce its own set of motion artifacts.
Plasmas were ultimately replaced by LCD displays, for various practical reasons, such
as production costs, energy consumption and thickness. However, image quality was
not one of the reasons.
3.0 Modern Display Technologies and Motion Challenges Due to
Sample-and-Hold
As display technology has advanced from the era of CRTs and Plasma screens to
modern digital displays, we have reaped numerous benefits, such as higher resolution,
vibrant color gamuts, and significant improvements in both brightness and energy
efficiency. However, these technological leaps have also introduced new challenges,
most notably in the form of motion artifacts caused by sample-and-hold. The science
behind how our eyes work and why this happens is covered in Section 4.
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